SUCCES WORLD

Why does the inner solar system not spin faster? The motion of a tiny number of charged particles may solve a long-standing mystery about thin gas disks rotating around young stars, according to a new study by Caltech researchers. These features, called accretion disks, last tens of millions of… Read more at nsf.gov

Understanding cooperation and conflict in plant symbionts The traditional idea of symbiosis — long-term interactions between two organisms — is that the participants mutually benefit each other. However, researchers have debated whether the interests of the symbionts always line up with the hosts they… Read more at nsf.gov

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NSF funds new projects to study local and global impacts of a rapidly changing Arctic The U.S. National Science Foundation has awarded a new round of grants under the Navigating the New Arctic, or NNA, program. The awards support research projects to study the Arctic's changing natural, built and social environments. The work will… Read more at nsf.gov

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New model sheds light on day/night cycle in the global ocean Phytoplankton are the foundation of all life on the planet. Understanding how these photosynthetic organisms react to their ocean environment is important to understanding the rest of the food web. But computer models of the global ocean… Read more at nsf.gov

Stars determine their own masses Last year, a team of astrophysicists launched Star Formation in Gaseous Environments, or STARFORGE, a project that produces the most realistic, highest-resolution 3D simulations of star formation to date. Now, the scientists have used these… Read more at nsf.gov

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Even modest climate change may dramatically alter Earth's northernmost forests Even relatively modest climate warming and associated precipitation shifts may dramatically alter Earth's northernmost forests. The woodlands constitute one of the planet's largest nearly intact forested ecosystems and are home to a big chunk of the… Read more at nsf.gov

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Engineers build a self-aware, self-training robot that can avoid obstacles and assess damage Engineers at Columbia University working on a project enabled by the National Artificial Intelligence Institute in Dynamic Systems and three separate grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation have built a robot that learns from itself instead… Read more at nsf.gov

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Day or night — your brain is always listening You're fast asleep. But your brain isn't taking the night off, according to new research funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation. Researchers studied activity in the human cerebral cortex in response to music and other sounds. They observed… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers create an immersible glove with a secure grip Researchers at Virginia Tech, working on a project made possible by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation, have developed a glove they designed based on the adhesive abilities of the octopus. The result is a glove that can be used… Read more at nsf.gov

NSF announces new awards to understand coastal systems and tackle coastal hazards U.S. coastlines are heavily populated areas with critical public resources, such as housing, transportation infrastructure, freshwater supplies, and electricity generation and distribution facilities. These coastlines are also increasingly vulnerable… Read more at nsf.gov

First light observations of chemically rich star HD 222925 captured The U.S. National Science Foundation's NOIRLab-operated Gemini South Telescope used its latest upgrade — GHOST, the Gemini High-resolution Optical SpecTrograph — to capture observations of HD 222925, a star more than 1,400 light years away. The star… Read more at nsf.gov

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Researchers use artificial intelligence to create a 'treasure map' of undiscovered ant species Although small, invertebrates have an outsized influence on their environments, pollinating plants, breaking down organic matter and speeding up nutrient cycling. And what they lack in stature, they make up for in diversity. With more than 1 million… Read more at nsf.gov

Understanding how rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries work Researchers have hoped that rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide batteries — which promise safety, low cost and environmental sustainability — could be developed into a viable option for grid storage applications. Engineers at the University of… Read more at nsf.gov

New NSF awards seek to broaden participation in biology through research experiences for recent college graduates To reduce the barriers to entry into careers in the biological sciences and produce a more diverse workforce, the U.S. National Science Foundation has made 12 new awards totaling more than $35 million through its Research and Mentoring for… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers develop online training module to counteract the negative effects of stress on adolescents Adolescents are showing record levels of anxiety, depression and stress. A team of researchers working on a project made possible by two grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation has developed a 30-minute online training module that teaches… Read more at nsf.gov

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New research uncovers the internal structure of spider silk Scientists at William & Mary funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation studied spider silk in such detail they were able to determine the structure of the silk fibers. Spider silk is known for its strength and durability. "Scientists all over… Read more at nsf.gov

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Legacy of ancient ice ages shapes how seagrasses respond to environmental threats today Deep evolution casts a longer shadow than previously thought, scientists report in a paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. U.S. National Science Foundation-supported scientists looked at eelgrass communities — the… Read more at nsf.gov

Smoke from Western wildfires can influence Arctic sea ice, researchers find Sea ice and wildfires may be more interconnected than previously thought, according to U.S. National Science Foundation-supported research published in Science Advances. By digging into the differences between climate models, researchers at the… Read more at nsf.gov

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Interaction between humans and the environment is focus of 15 new NSF-funded projects From Southwestern deserts to tropical mangrove reefs, everywhere humans live or go we impact the environment, and the environment impacts us. Fifteen new projects totaling more than $21.6 million funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation will… Read more at nsf.gov

Physicists research how aerosol particulates from wind instruments move through the air Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania supported by two grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation have studied the aerosols of musicians playing wind instruments. The findings will inform safety guidelines for not only musical… Read more at nsf.gov

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Rare plants attract rare bees and birds in urban gardens Little is known about what drives rare biodiversity in cities. Rare plant species in urban gardens may be the answer. The plants in turn attract rare bee and bird species, according to a Dartmouth College-led study looking at urban gardens in… Read more at nsf.gov

New model developed to predict landslides along wildfire burn scars A wildfire followed by an intense rainstorm is often a recipe for disaster. Without vegetation to cushion rainfall, water runoff can turn into a fast-moving, highly destructive landslide, called a "debris flow," which often has the power to wipe out… Read more at nsf.gov

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Integrative biological science and training are the focus of 4 new institutes From understanding the multifaceted transmission of disease to deciphering how living organisms adapt to harsh conditions, answering big questions in biology requires interdisciplinary research and scientists engaging and partnering with those from… Read more at nsf.gov

Oldest DNA from domesticated American horse lends credence to shipwreck theory An abandoned Caribbean colony unearthed centuries after it had been forgotten and a case of mistaken identity in the archaeological record have conspired to rewrite the history of Assateague, a barrier island off the Virginia and Maryland coasts… Read more at nsf.gov

Invasive species' success may lie in living fast, dying young For some species conquering new territory, it might be better to live fast and die young. In a new study, biologists at the University of Iowa looked at why a type of freshwater snail that has invaded ecosystems worldwide has been so successful… Read more at nsf.gov

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'Plaza' in ancient city of Cahokia near today’s St. Louis was likely inundated year-round The ancient North American city of Cahokia had as its focal point a feature now known as Monks Mound, a giant earthwork surrounded on its north, south, east and west by large rectangular open areas. These flat zones, called plazas by archaeologists… Read more at nsf.gov

Engineers improve catalyst that destroys 'forever chemicals' with sunlight Chemical engineers at Rice University have improved their design for a light-powered catalyst that rapidly breaks down PFOA, or perfluorooctanoic acid, one of the world's most problematic "forever chemical" pollutants. These pollutants aren't easily… Read more at nsf.gov

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NSF announces 4 new Engineering Research Centers focused on agriculture, health, manufacturing and smart cities Engineering discoveries and advances have the power to make transformational positive impacts on society. For decades, the U.S. National Science Foundation has been a steadfast supporter of research centers that integrate engineering with other… Read more at nsf.gov

Water resources to become less predictable with climate change Water resources will fluctuate increasingly and become more and more difficult to predict in snow-dominated regions across the Northern Hemisphere by later this century, according to a comprehensive new climate change study led by the National Center… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers pull record of 700,000 years of tropical climate change from an Andean lakebed When Mark Abbott and his team pulled a 300-foot-long core of mud from a lakebed high in the Peruvian Andes, he hoped it might provide a glimpse of the past 160,000 years of climate change. Instead, the U.S. National Science Foundation-supported… Read more at nsf.gov

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How did Earth avoid a Mars-like fate? Ancient rocks hold clues Approximately 1,800 miles beneath our feet, swirling liquid iron in the Earth's outer core generates the planet's protective magnetic field. The magnetic field is invisible but is vital for life on Earth's surface because it shields the planet from… Read more at nsf.gov

What is a pond? Study provides first data-driven definition What, exactly, distinguishes a pond from a lake or a wetland? A U.S. National Science Foundation-supported study co-led by Cornell University offers the first data-driven, functional definition of a pond and evidence of ponds' distinct ecological… Read more at nsf.gov

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NSF and Amazon continue collaboration that strengthens and supports fairness in artificial intelligence and machine learning Artificial intelligence and machine learning evolve fast. It is crucial that artificial intelligence and machine learning systems be accountable, fair, inclusive and transparent. The U.S. National Science Foundation has been a leader in providing… Read more at nsf.gov

Researchers develop computer model to predict whether a pesticide will harm bees Researchers at Oregon State University have harnessed the power of artificial intelligence to help protect bees from pesticides. Cory Simon and Xiaoli Fern led the project, which involved training a machine learning model to predict whether proposed… Read more at nsf.gov

Moths enlist additional troops in an evolutionary arms race While a clear night sky might seem quiet and peaceful to us, empty of everything but stars, this nocturnal world is filled with a high-pitched cacophony of sound just beyond our ability to hear. Bats pierce the shadows with ultrasonic pulses that… Read more at nsf.gov

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Facilitating US-India bilateral research collaborations In February 2022, the U.S. National Science Foundation issued a Dear Colleague Letter encouraging joint U.S.-India research projects involving principal investigators from both nations for collaborative research that can accelerate the development of… Read more at nsf.gov

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